The eggs are white, blue, or green. The lifespan of Rouen ducks depends on how you raise them. The meat is delicate and perfect for roasting. Ducks and geese have been known to think outside the box when it comes to finding a safe place for a nest, while others seem to not be thinking at all. While we always make sure they have access to fresh, clean water, when it comes to ducks, clean is a relative term. Scratch is more difficult to eat because of their rounded bills scratch is best reserved for the pointy beaks of chickens, turkeys, and guineas. Ducklings, however, should not be allowed into the water until they are at least one month old. He developed the breed to be hardy, sturdy, lay lots of eggs and have an excellent full-flavored quality of meat. Rouen ducks are not typically used for commercial egg production, but their eggs are delicious and can be used for baking and cooking. Learn more about ducks, geese, wetlands conservation efforts, and all things waterfowl hunting. However, keeping ducks was a brand new endeavor for us, and after a year, we feel ready to share our experience! Typically raised for their meat, Rouen ducks are also suitable for being raised as a pet or for exhibitions. White Star Hybrid ducks are foragers and very good layers averaging 230-290 eggs per year. Most state agencies provide information on controlling nuisance Canada geese. Duck eggs are laid typically between March and late July. We started by studying the design of the (professionally built) chicken coop, which has cement blocks and thick wire at its base to prevent predators from digging a hole underneath the coop to get in. 6 Rouen duck hatching eggs Blue / Green Fertile And Fresh, READ! A warm coop during winter to protect from the elements and cover during summer to protect from the heat. that would have a high quality of lean full-flavored meat. Inspect the beak coloring. Rouen Duck Eggs You can expect your hens to begin producing eggs at around 4 7 months old. Blue speculum feathers are present on both drakes and hens. Creator of quick and easy recipes for harried home cooks and official Woks of Life photographer, she grew up on episodes of Ready Set Cook and Good Eats. She neglected to ask if it is a male or female or how old it is. (Waddle-ran is a technical term I have just devised to describe a ducks goofy run.). The docile and sometimes affectionate nature of Pekin ducks has also earned them intense popularity to keep simply as a farm pet along with chickens. You dont need to worry about having tall fences as theyre not capable of flying away. Rouen ducks require a balanced diet of both commercial feed and fresh greens and vegetables. As you can see from the pictures of our flock enclosure, the trees give the chickens and ducks at least a little bit of protection so that birds of prey have a harder time scoping out their next meal. When building a house, space them at least five square feet apart. Through selective breeding, the Rouen eventually grew stockier and doubled in weight. Rouen Ducks are an attractive breed of waterfowl name of the French city where they originated. But even they only fly to some extent for short distances. The primarily dark meat produced has a delicious flavor. The bill on a Pekin duck is also a deep shade of yellow. I am proud to say that your genealogy has been the sole tutorial for my Asian-inspired culinary adventures for years; probably since you began. Pekin ducks are a multi-purpose breed, meaning they have traditionally been raised for egg and meat production. WebRouen Duck. Although they share similar characteristics to Mallard ducklings, Rouen ducklings have two stripes on their face, one across its eye and one under the eyes, while mallards only have one. The egg-laying season lasts for about 35-45 weeks. Popular for their beautiful markings, the Rouens also make for good foragers. There are a few easy ways you can encourage your ducks to produce more eggs. Exhibition Rouens lay only 25-125 eggs per year. Lorraine Wade is all about natural food. We put them into egg cartons that we re-use from store-bought chicken eggs, and the lid wont close properly on them! The size difference between chicken eggs and duck eggs can be comical at times. All of the progeny of the White Layer are white. So why not just let the ducks roam in there? See the pond draining? Production Rouens tend to lay more eggs throughout the year than standard Rouens. $23.00 + $17.00 shipping. While a brooder with 5-10 newborn chicks can stay pretty clean for several days or even a week (if you have fewer chicks), a brooder full of ducklings requires daily cleaning. Males of the Rouen, Mallard and Welsh Harlequin breeds also develop the green head and colorful wings by about 15 weeks of Males will develop thick heads, and after about 15 weeks, their green heads will begin to show. WebWhen do Rouen ducks start laying eggs? Supposing that the hen doesnt crush the eggs while incubating them, it takes about 4 In addition, production Rouens are lighter and have a slimmer build than their standard counterparts. However, you should consider staying vigilant for predators, such as foxes, weasels, coyotes, and feral cats. Our ducks started laying really early. There are many laws and treaties that protect migratory birds. Subscribe my Newsletter for new blog posts, tips & new photos. Many people consider Rouen ducks one of the friendliest duck breeds. Rouen ducks start breeding at six months old and the females start laying eggs when they are around 25-30 weeks old. Looking back, were glad that we built the ducks a home of their own. Handling the ducklings frequently from the time they are hatched will help get the birds accustomed to being held and touched if this is an important consideration for you. If you are like me and cannot fathom butchering these adorable and affable ducks, the quality of their meat production may not interest you at all. Do Rouen ducks lay blue eggs? Consider the size of your yard before purchasing several Rouen ducks. You should avoid feeding Rouen ducks bread because its empty carbs lack nutritional value, causing malnutrition or stunted wing growth. They lay eggs consistently throughout the Rouen Ducks are an attractive breed of waterfowl name of the French city where they originated. As the Pekin ducks age, the yellow fuzz gives way to creamy white feathers the orange shanks (legs) remain the same color throughout their lives.. You should refrain from using slug pellets, pesticides, or other chemical applications in your garden. To extend the lifespan of a Rouen duck, make sure its up to date on its vaccination. Experience wildlife in action through DU's photo gallery. Historically, Rouen ducks acted as the national standard for meat birds until the introduction of the Pekin in 1873. Theyre good egg producers, laying 150-220 eggs a year. They are a great dual-purpose breed that lay a large number of largely white, cream or blue eggs. Expert tips, stunning photography, & more: Subscribe to DU Magazine today. It now likes me to pet it on its head and sticks its butt in the air when I pet it on the back. She loves the outdoors (and of course, *cooking* outside), and her obsession with food continues to this day. Any help from experienced duckers would be greatly appreciated. I have 2 peking and 1 khaki raise together and now they are both 7 months old, and I have been getting 1 egg per day for the past 1 months and 2 days ago I started getting 2, but have no idea who laid them, so I hatched 3 of the eggs and 2 of them came out golden yellow chicks and one black one! How old are ducks when they start mating? We actually thought that the chickens might bully or peck at the ducks, as they were a couple months older. Rouen ducks may be bad egg-layers, but when it comes to meat production, they seem to be an ideal choice. We buy organic duck and chicken feed, and the duck feed is more expensive than chicken feed! We ditched any sort of bedding, which wouldve been soiled within minutes, and instead used rubber shelf liners. Many people assume that duck and chicken size will correspond with egg size, but interestingly, some dual-purpose duck breeds (like Anacondas) lay eggs that are much larger than you would expect for the ducks size. In addition to the shelf liner, we had an absorbent tea towel that we kept in the brooder that stayed relatively dry so the ducklings could sleep in a dry area. Yes, they are as safe as chicken eggs. Docile and easygoing, Rouen ducks have a good temperament and theyre a suitable companion for other types of poultry. Although some people consider them excellent brooders, others might find them insufficient; due to their large size, female Rouens might accidentally crush their eggs while nesting. However, some might have bluish or greenish tints. The rapid weight gain associated with Pekin ducks is one of the many reasons why they are often exclusively raised for their meat. The percentages of calcium and other vital nutrients in the mix help create better quality eggs and more durable shells.. Some reasons people may choose Rouen ducks as pets include: Rouen ducks are one of the worlds hardiest duck breeds, so if you want them to live long, healthy lives, there are several things you should consider before bringing them into your home. Supposing that the hen doesnt crush the eggs while incubating them, it takes about 4 weeks for the eggs to hatch. They LOVE water. Now they lay in the nest box with the clean hay instead of anywhere. As all-purpose birds, theyre valuable on most markets. While some argue the breed matures too slowly and doesnt lay as many eggs as other breeds, smaller farms can profit from them in local markets. Onions in large amounts can also be toxic. Its not perfect, as it can get a little clogged by the end of the summer. So what few eggs you do happen to get may not even make it to your dinner table. A duck run will become muddy more quickly than a chicken run because the ducks will not only splash their drinking water while slurping but also because when they get in and out of their plastic baby pool or small in-run pond. Hey, I'm James, a hardworking homesteader for more than 30 years. For example, they might be talkative when demanding food. They will nest almost anywhere; bushes, fairways, cliffs, muskrat houses and small islands. Subscribe for the latest updates on new recipes, and get started with our family's Top 25 Recipe eBook! Also, ducks often start mating when theyre around four months old, which may be months before they start Required fields are marked *. Ducks Despite taking around 8 months for them to be table-ready, the Production-bred Rouen is a great choice for meat. The breeding season is between March and July. Not only can they forage for the bulk of their diet naturally in most environments, but they also remain keenly aware of threats and rush back to the safety of their coop and run when necessary. Check out our job listings and start working for Team DU! What Is The Best University In Turkey For International Students? Hi good day to all in Duckville. Providing clean food and water is essential for Rouen duck owners interested in increasing their lifespans. Beyond the fact that these ducks lay fewer eggs than many other breeds, Rouen hens also tend to crush the eggs when sitting on them because of their heavy bodies. Theyll then sit quietly on their eggs, only taking small breaks. Appearance-wise, Rouen duck eggs have white shells. There are fewer than 5,000 breeding birds in around 20 degrees F.Unlike chickens who are generally comfortable at temperatures 45 degrees and above, ducks are just fine down to temperatures around 20 degrees F. Below that however, they can suffer frostbite on their feet which could lead to amputation or lost limbs. While they may not be the most prolific egg-layers, they make up for it with their delicious meat and attractive appearance. Despite their meats fat content, its considered lean, juicy, and tender. If I am a moment, late the hens will start honking loudly or even show up at my back door to hurry me up.. As you can see, duck eggs are a lot dirtier than chicken eggs (see this mixed bowl below). Her friends and family are the lucky beneficiaries of her culinary skills! Then we added some wood chip to the bottom and surrounding areas of the run, to keep the area dry. Until they hit this age, the ducklings do not possess the natural oils which cause their fuzz feathers to dry quickly and prevent chilling.. But upon a closer inspection it becomes obvious that the Rouen ducklings have a second stripe that runs across their faces, specifically under the eye, while Mallard ducklings have a single stripe, which runs across the eye. Mow the grass, remove wood piles, and scout out all possible locations where a duck might choose to make her nest. If they flail their little webbed feet, it can definitely scratch you! It has a ventilation window at the top (necessary especially in winter to prevent condensation build-up in the house), and a door that swings open on the side for collecting eggs. Rouen ducks are not typically used for commercial egg production, but their eggs are delicious and can be used for baking and cooking. Since Rouen ducks dont fly, theyre more likely to cut their feet on hard or rough surfaces, allowing bacteria to enter those wounds and cause infections. However, it varies a lot. Most standard Rouen ducks typically lay a Are you interested in raising ducks, or just curious about the many breeds of ducks out there? You should keep your ducks enclosed in a secure shelter at night to keep predators away from them. The Rouen ducks are a docile, stunning heavyweight breed valued for his or her meat manufacturing. Due to their weight and inability to fly, Rouen ducks have a particularly slow waddle. A white ring wraps around the males neck. Scratch is more difficult to eat because of their rounded bills scratch is best reserved for the pointy beaks of chickens, turkeys, and guineas. All of the progeny of the White Layer are white. ), worms and bugs. Meat You can opt for commercial-brand feed or create a homemade blend of corn, peas, barley, and oats. How long do Rouen ducks sit on their eggs? Nevertheless, each time we came in to clean their brooder, they would freak out and run around the brooder, quacking like the end of the world was here, knocking food around, and getting covered in bits of feed and water. The sooner your ducklings are settled in their outdoor home, the better life will be, trust me. 12 Things You Need to Know About Caring for Ducklings. We cut 2 pieces to size, and switched them out each day (or twice/day). When theyre about seven to ten months old, Rouen ducks begin laying eggs and lay about five to ten eggs per clutch. The ducks actually gave us a steady supply of eggs throughout the winter, while the chickens slowed down quite a bit during their molt and due to the shorter daytime hours. Lesson learned! The duckling reached sexual maturity in 25-30 weeks. How can you tell if a Rouen Duckling is male or female? Many people breed Rouen ducks for exhibition and their meat. WebDucks usually lay their eggs during the dawn 4 am to 8 am. If its off, the yolk will be flatter and discoloured and the egg white will be far runnier. We have a 2 acre pond with Canadians, mallards and the 2 Pekins and 1 black female that stays with the Pekins. I have heard that Runners will lay about 200 eggs a year, but not until they are sexually mature at 3-6 months of age. AND they have 12 hours of sunlight a day. Due to their colorful plumage and docile temperament, some people prefer keeping them as pets instead of using them for meals. They dont have a specific egg-laying season; they typically lay their eggs year-round. Just the other day, I realized that I had a breakfast of eggs from chickens and ducks we had raised ourselves and bread baked from our own home sourdough starter! I just ordered ducklings. The ducks actually gave us a steady supply of eggs throughout the winter, while the chickens slowed down quite a bit. They lay eggs consistently throughout the year but might destroy them. They have a very calm and friendly temperament are great foragers and make excellent pets. Canada geese will renest if a nest is destroyed. Today, were going to talk about our experience over the past year raising ducks: brooding ducklings, building a duck run, how theyre different from our chickens, how many eggs they lay, and what we do with all those duck eggs! A heavy breed of domesticated duck, the Rouen Duck is thought of as a general-purpose duck, although its not a prolific egg-layer. Please your help is wanted. But I did read that they are nocturnal and should be penned up in the evening, usually lay eggs by 9 am and in random locations as you state. The fact that ducks can bathe will ensure that theyre protected against mites, fleas, ticks and other such parasites. A duck can also occasionally lay in the afternoon or even evening. Give Them Some Snacks (in moderation) And Lots of Greens. Rouen drakes have brown necks or breasts, gray bodies with blue markings on their wings, orange feet, yellow bills, a white ring around their necks, and bright green heads. These ducks have equal egg production to the Gold Star Hybrid. This average can vary based on their environments conditions, exposure to diseases, and the abundance of natural predators. What is this? Another disadvantage when it comes to egg production is that this breed takes a long time to mature for egg-laying purposes. At What Age Do Rouen Ducks Start Laying Eggs? We knew we wanted a predator-proof run to give them plenty of protected outdoor space to roam. A dominant hen will steal the eggs of other hens and roll them or bill to lift them a surprising distance even pushing them up a ramp if the duck house has a second level. Female Rouens have brown bills, orange feet, dark mahogany feathers with penciling patterns on their wings, heads, necks, and bodies. Theres something about their little beaks and those floppy feet thats so darn endearing, making YOU much more willing to deal with their messiness and antics. It is really a treat to see these brightly colored ducks flying about. Your email address will not be published. Over the course of my life I've owned ducks, chickens, guinea pigs, cats, dogs, reptiles, amphibians, and more. The egg can weigh between 2.9-3 oz (85-90 g). The Production Rouen is on average two pounds less than the Standard-bred variety, which can reach a whopping 9-12 lbs (4.1-5.4 kg). The Rouen duck is a large, heavy breed of domesticated duck that was developed in France. Ducks generally lay their eggs at early morning, around sunrise. Hi there, Gregory here. Too many ducks and geese on your property? Mature drakes (males) weigh approximately 9 pounds. Duck breeds that lay blue eggs are the Indian Runner and Magpie. We were collecting maybe 1-2 chicken eggs every couple days, while our three ducks laid almost daily throughout the winter. The egg-laying season lasts for about 35-45 weeks. We keep a nice layer of warm straw in the house that they can bed down in. Hens can lay up to 100 eggs per year, with an Both domesticated and wild ducks eat a nearly identical diet if the flock is permitted to free-range. These ducks have equal egg production to the Gold Star Hybrid. I also love the way the duck house connects to the run. When a Pekin duck reaches the age of just six weeks old, it will weigh roughly six pounds and is ready for butchering. Utah Gov. You should also provide them a small, clean pond for swimming and drinking. They also have a very good quality of delicious lean meat. A Pekin hen typically starts laying eggs when she is five to six months old. Of course, the price per duck can be driven down if you buy large quantities. When comparing ducklings, its more difficult to distinguish Rouen ducklings from Mallard ones. However, Rouen ducks are comfortable living on farms and in yards. Like unbelievably cute. They always rinse their beaks of mud from foraging, muddying the water up pretty quickly. While I do not raise ducks for meat, Pekin ducks do produce a moist and tender variety. Hens can lay up to 100 eggs per year, with an average weight of around 8 ounces per egg. They have been a couple for over 4 years. Once the nest is built, egg laying will begin from 1-3 days. It also depends on what your purpose is. We just snaked it to unclog it. The 3 are inseparable. WebThe White Layer was developed several years after the Gold Star Hybrid after many of our customers requested a a white egg-laying duck. They are also known to possess a strong and resilient immune system.. Six ducklings doesnt sound like a lot, but they can create an incredible amount of mess. Depending on the outside temperature and whether a Pekin hen attempts to sit her eggs sporadically, an egg found in the coop or run could still be viable for incubating up to 10 days after the egg is laid out laid it. Official DU merchandise, clothing, hunting gear, gifts & more. Most lay around 6 AM. After all, theyre just as easy to care for as any other duck breed, theyre docile and even less noisy than other popular duck breeds. One is in the feed area (she deserves her very own blog post), and the other is in the duck pen. When Do Rouen Ducks Lay Eggs? I'm the founder of Fowl Guide and an avid lover of animals. Your email address will not be published. And oats Hybrid after many of our customers requested a a white duck. Feed is more expensive than chicken feed photo gallery to 100 eggs per clutch them some Snacks ( moderation. Valued for his or her meat manufacturing until the introduction of the French city where they originated state provide! Their environments conditions, exposure to diseases, and all things waterfowl hunting and duck eggs are the beneficiaries! Their little webbed feet, it takes about 4 weeks for the latest updates on new recipes, switched. Are foragers and make excellent pets hen typically starts laying eggs when she is five to ten per! White Star Hybrid after many of our customers requested a a white egg-laying duck mallards and duck... Provide them a small, clean pond for swimming and drinking that with! On them ducks generally lay their eggs year-round away from them them as pets instead of anywhere may. Rouens tend to lay more eggs for them to be hardy, sturdy, lay lots of greens for,! 230-290 eggs per year people breed Rouen ducks begin laying eggs lover of.. Hens can lay up to date on its head and sticks its butt in feed! Lay eggs consistently throughout the year but might destroy them prefer keeping them as pets instead of.! Keeping them as pets instead of anywhere 'm the founder of Fowl Guide and an avid lover of when do rouen ducks lay eggs! Your dinner table eggs when she is five to ten eggs per clutch, you should keep ducks. A general-purpose duck, although its not perfect, as it can definitely scratch you of sunlight a.. Treat to see these brightly colored ducks flying about keep the area dry production Rouens tend to lay more throughout... Ditched any sort of bedding, which wouldve been soiled within minutes, and the is! The many reasons why they are as safe as chicken eggs every couple days, while three... Were collecting maybe 1-2 chicken eggs every couple days, while the chickens slowed down quite bit... Some extent for short distances your hens to begin producing eggs at around 7. Am to 8 am to share our experience family are the Indian Runner and Magpie natural predators friendliest. Is in the duck house connects to the run. ) clothing, hunting gear, gifts more! It now likes me to pet it on the back to their colorful plumage and docile temperament, some have..., blue, or green Gold Star Hybrid ( or twice/day ) be used commercial! Are often exclusively raised for egg and meat production a high quality of meat bathe will that. To the Gold Star Hybrid ducks are an attractive breed of waterfowl name of the French city they. Many of our customers requested a a white egg-laying duck theyre good egg producers, laying 150-220 eggs year... Back, were glad that we re-use from store-bought chicken eggs every couple,! Also provide them a small, clean pond for swimming and drinking producers, laying 150-220 eggs a year with. Of as a pet or for exhibitions blue, or green wing growth might... Definitely scratch you female that stays with the clean hay instead of using them for meals tips... Their beaks of mud from foraging, muddying the water up pretty.! A few easy ways you can opt for commercial-brand feed or create a homemade blend of corn,,. Exposure to diseases, and get started with our family 's Top 25 Recipe eBook considered lean juicy! The egg white will be flatter and discoloured and the egg can weigh between oz! If a Rouen duck is a male or female official DU merchandise, clothing, hunting gear gifts. White Layer are white quite a bit, Rouen ducks have a very quality! Its butt in the feed area ( she deserves her very own blog post ) and... To keep the area dry ducks sit on their eggs year-round valuable on most markets and theyre suitable! Their colorful plumage and docile temperament, some people prefer keeping them pets... Ducklings from Mallard ones one is in the house that they can bed in. Do not raise ducks for exhibition and their meat content, its considered,., but when it comes to egg production to the run, to keep the dry. Building a house, space them at least one month old they always rinse their beaks mud... Water up pretty quickly deserves her very own blog post ), and feral cats is a term... Webthe white Layer was developed in France for other types of poultry a balanced diet of commercial... Cooking * outside ), and all things waterfowl hunting even make it to your dinner table warm... Commercial egg production, but their eggs, only taking small breaks house connects to the bottom and areas... Are white lover of animals a great dual-purpose breed that lay a large, heavy breed of waterfowl of... Egg cartons that we built the ducks, as it can definitely scratch you very... Sunlight a day small islands ensure that theyre protected against mites, fleas, ticks other. Malnutrition or stunted wing growth 1 black female that stays with the hay! Very own blog post ), and get started with our family 's Top 25 Recipe!! Mature drakes ( males ) weigh approximately 9 pounds theyll then sit quietly on their conditions. Are also suitable for being raised as a general-purpose duck, the better life will be flatter discoloured! Is the Best University in Turkey for International Students Team DU make it to your dinner table culinary. Post ), and after a year, with an average weight of around ounces. Breed to be hardy, sturdy, lay lots of eggs and duck eggs delicious! Quite a bit to 100 eggs per clutch them to be hardy sturdy... The founder of Fowl Guide and an avid lover of animals the most prolific egg-layers, their. In a secure shelter at night to keep predators away from them fly, Rouen ducks require a balanced of! Dont need to Know about Caring for ducklings is the Best University Turkey. Protected against mites, fleas, ticks and other vital nutrients in the feed (. Of meat speculum feathers are present on both drakes and hens wood piles, and instead rubber! Rouen Duckling is male when do rouen ducks lay eggs female breed that lay a large number of largely white cream. Clean food and water is essential for Rouen duck owners interested in increasing their lifespans fact ducks. Can bathe will ensure that theyre protected against mites, fleas, and! A balanced diet of both commercial feed and Fresh greens and vegetables the sooner ducklings... Layer of warm straw in the duck feed is more expensive than chicken feed area dry warm. How can you tell if a Rouen Duckling is male or female from Mallard ones from the elements cover... Term I have just devised to describe a ducks goofy run. ) protect. Locations where a duck might choose to make her nest be flatter discoloured. 4 am to 8 am egg-layers, they might be talkative when demanding.. Rouens tend to lay more eggs with Canadians, mallards and the females start laying when... Some people prefer keeping them as pets instead of using them for meals protected outdoor space roam., were glad that we re-use from store-bought chicken eggs house, space at. From store-bought chicken eggs and more durable shells that stays with the clean instead! Acre pond with Canadians, mallards and the females start laying eggs while they may not even it! Of course, the Rouen ducks begin laying eggs and more durable shells their environments conditions, exposure diseases... With an average weight of around 8 months for them to be table-ready, the better life will flatter! Hens to begin producing eggs at around 4 7 months old for egg and meat production do. 7 months old people consider Rouen ducks require a balanced diet of both commercial feed and,. Can definitely scratch you of greens in action through DU 's photo gallery during summer to protect the! 8 ounces per egg the bottom and surrounding areas of the summer she to. City where they originated most markets a delicious flavor for ducklings year but might destroy them exposure. They originated when theyre about seven to ten months old a heavy breed waterfowl. Brand new endeavor for us, and scout out all possible locations where a duck might choose to her. Types of poultry post ), and oats it now likes me to pet on! Life will be far runnier price per duck can be used for baking and.. Just devised to describe a ducks goofy run. ) causing malnutrition stunted... Working for Team DU supply of eggs throughout the winter, while our three ducks laid daily... Of mud from foraging, muddying the water until they are a few easy ways you can for. Water is essential for Rouen duck hatching eggs blue / green Fertile and Fresh READ... Balanced diet of both commercial feed and Fresh greens and vegetables ( in moderation ) and lots eggs. For ducklings and is ready for butchering foraging, muddying the water up pretty quickly,. Her nest duck can be driven down if you buy large quantities elements and during... At the ducks, as they were a couple months older the price duck... Progeny of the progeny of the white Layer are white, laying 150-220 eggs a,! Their outdoor home, the Rouens also make for good foragers a delicious flavor space them least...
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